Morning journal lisbon 19951/19/2024 ![]() The ECJ’s rulings have had far-reaching effects on the integration of the EU. By treating the treaties as a constitutional charter, the ECJ has made the EU ‘more than an organization, more like a nonunitary polity’ (Weiler 1991: 247). ![]() Its most famous rulings ( Van Gend en Loos and Costa) established what is now widely accepted as a core principle underlying the EU: the laws of the EU directly apply to the citizens of the member states and prevail over national laws. The Court has consistently interpreted the founding treaties to further an ever-closer Union. The Court meets this objective by advising national courts how to interpret EU law (the preliminary ruling procedure), ruling on infringement procedures against member states (mostly initiated by the European Commission), and annulling unlawful actions by EU institutions. 1) is to ensure that the interpretation and application of the Treaties and of secondary EU law is observed (Amtenbrink and Vedder 2010: 94). ![]() The formal objective of the ECJ (TEU, art. Today, the ECJ is one of the most influential institutions of the European Union (EU). Within a relatively brief period of time, the ECJ transformed into a fully fledged constitutional court of an expanding Union, prevailing over national courts and carrying an ever-growing caseload as a result. Founded in 1952, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) began as a small ‘coal and steel court’ that ‘did little more than control the legality of the High Authority’s activities’ (Stone Sweet 2010: 20).
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